Do animals have their own societies?

If humans have the same origin as apes and other animals, one may wonder if human society was also derived from that of animals. After Darwin’s publications, many natural scientists began to study “sociality” in animal life. However, they soon found many challenges and troubles on the way.

■References (Books, papers, Web articles, etc.)
Origins: How Earth’s History Shaped Human History  Lewis Dartnell Basic Books (May 14, 2019)
人類進化論——霊長類学からの展開』 第1章 霊長類学の発想 pp.9~10  山極寿一 (裳華房、2008)


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The References list of “Evolution of Human Sociality”