In its early years, Japanese primatology had three research objectives:
- To clarify the evolution of social structures among primate species.
- To identify cultural behaviors in non-human primates.
- To clarify, through the two objectives above, the evolutionary trajectory of the “formation of the family,” which had been regarded as a social characteristic unique to humans.
For the alpinist Imanishi, elucidating the origin of the family was considered the “peak.”*
■References (Books, papers, Web articles, etc.)
『人間以前の社会』 今西錦司 （岩波文庫、1951）
『ゴリラ』 今西錦司 （文芸春秋社、1960）
・『自然学の提唱』今西錦司｜松岡正剛の千夜千冊 http://1000ya.isis.ne.jp/0636.html ［Editorial note］
*George Murdoch, an American social anthropologist, asserted that human social life is based on four points: sex, economy, reproduction, and education, and he argued that only the family could fulfil these functions. In The Origin of Human Family: From the Perspective of Primatology, however, Imanishi pointed out that the conditions for the establishment of human family were incest taboo, exogamy, community, and division of labor. [Editorial note]
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