If you think about an intelligence you will notice, in one aspect it is a material entity, and in another aspect, it is an informational entity that remains unchanged no matter how the substance is interchanged. In other words, intelligence has the duality of being physical and being informational.
We humans have both physical continuity in accordance with the laws of the world, and temporal continuity as an Informational body that progresses autonomously from the inside.
Using the Ship of Theseus Paradox again, although the ship was replaced materially, the information on the ship are preserved: what shape it had, how many masts it had, what paddles were used, and how many paddles there were, etc.
■References (Books, papers, Web articles, etc.)
『人工知能のための哲学塾』 第二夜・第一節 知能と身体の関係 三宅 陽一郎 二〇一六年
人工知能のための哲学塾 第二夜「ユクスキュルと環世界」 講演資料 三宅 陽一郎 二〇一五年 https://www.slideshare.net/youichiromiyake/ss-55700355
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■References list of "AI meets Philosophy: how to design the Game AI"
