The combination of farming and pastoralism enabled humans to produce large amounts of food. By using domesticated animals, it became possible to produce and store abundant food by converting land that could not be cleared by human hands into farmland, using feces as fertilizer, and using the milk and meat of livestock as food. Furthermore, it became possible to carry heavy luggage using livestock, facilitating the exchange of supplies.

These developments produced a group of specialists who made tools, clothes, and homes without directly engaging in food production, enabling the accumulation of wealth, and the emergence of wealthy individuals.

■References (Books, papers, Web articles, etc.)
Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies　　Jared Diamond　W. W. Norton & Company; 1 edition (March 7, 2017)
Sapiens: A Brief History of Humankind 　　Yuval Noah Harari　 Harper Perennial; Reprint edition (May 15, 2018)

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■The References list of “Evolution of Human Sociality”