Ape societies are completely different for different taxa.

Gibbons, referred to as lesser apes, live in pairs with a monogamous mating system. In the family Hominidae (great apes), both male and female orangutans (the genus Pongo) are typically solitary, whereas gorillas (the genus Gorilla) tend to form one-male multi-female groups. Chimpanzees and bonobos (the genus Pan) live in multi-male/multi-female groups of a large size. Sexual dimorphism in body size is the largest in gorillas, followed by orangutans, chimpanzees, and bonobos, and the difference in body size between the sexes is the smallest in gibbons.

■References (Books, papers, Web articles, etc.)
『人類進化論——霊長類学からの展開』　第4章　霊長類の性と進化　　山極寿一　（裳華房、2002）

---

★If you interested in this text, please have the following ebook at hand. For that, Click on the URL below.

https://society-zero.com/icardbook/011/index.html

★This article is a piece of "knowledge card" that makes up iCardbook, "Evolution of Human Sociality(Juichi Yamagiwa, Shun Hongo)"

 

iCardbook, a card-type specialized book that organizes “Knowledge Cards” is a new form of book in the smartphone age.

 

■iCardbook Benefits:Good value for reading

・you can read it quickly in your pocket of time, e.g. commuting
・You can immediately understand the "drawing " in the author's head
・Amazon Prime members can read for free

 

◎About iCardbook(english)
https://society-zero.com/icard/icardbookenglish

◎About iCardbook(japanese)
https://society-zero.com/chienotane/archives/5067

■The References list of “Evolution of Human Sociality”