The life cycle of an individual is shaped by various events related to growth and reproduction, such as the gestational period, prenatal and postnatal growth rates, the age at which they first give birth, the weaning age, inter-birth intervals, and lifespan. The life cycle varies widely from species to species.*

Among mammals, primates have a particularly low number of babies per pregnancy, give birth for the first time at a later age, have a long pregnancy and lactation, low infant mortality, and a long life expectancy.

■References (Books, papers, Web articles, etc.)
『人類進化論——霊長類学からの展開——』　第3章・第1節　サルの一生　　山極寿一　（裳華房、2008）
『家族進化論』 第4章・第2節　オナガザル類と類人猿のちがい　　山極寿一 （東京大学出版会、2012）

---

*Large-sized species of mammal generally have longer gestational and growth periods, and give birth to fewer children at one time than small-sized species.

---

★If you interested in this text, please have the following ebook at hand. For that, Click on the URL below.

https://society-zero.com/icardbook/012/index.html

★This article is a piece of "knowledge card" that makes up iCardbook, "Evolution of Human Sociality(Juichi Yamagiwa, Shun Hongo)"

 

iCardbook, a card-type specialized book that organizes “Knowledge Cards” is a new form of book in the smartphone age.

 

■iCardbook Benefits:Good value for reading

・you can read it quickly in your pocket of time, e.g. commuting
・You can immediately understand the "drawing " in the author's head
・Amazon Prime members can read for free

 

◎About iCardbook(english)
https://society-zero.com/icard/icardbookenglish

◎About iCardbook(japanese)
https://society-zero.com/chienotane/archives/5067

■The References list of “Evolution of Human Sociality”