Observation of Yakushima macaques during the mating season revealed that some non-group-member males engage in intimate relationships with group females. In this case, the two macaques often become more likely to separate from the group, and they will often leave the group with the female’s sisters and daughters, forming a subgroup. If such subgrouping occurs frequently, the group will eventually split.

■References (Books, papers, Web articles, etc.)
「日本の霊長類——ニホンザル研究の歴史と展望」　　山極寿一　（『日本の哺乳類学２．中大型哺乳類･霊長類』所収 pp. 29～49. 　高槻成紀・山極寿一編　（東京大学出版会、2008））
『サルと歩いた屋久島』　　山極寿一　（山と渓谷社、2006）

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