Aiello and Wheeler (1995) compared the weight and gastrointestinal tract size of primates and found that humans have a much smaller gastrointestinal tract for their weight in comparison to other primates. They asserted that due to the small size of their gastrointestinal tract, humans’ basal metabolism did not increase significantly despite their large brain. Certainly, compared with the pre-encephalization Australopithecus, modern humans have a slender torso which accommodates smaller a stomach and intestines.

■References (Books, papers, Web articles, etc.)
『家族進化論』　第2章第16節　脳の増大と食の改変　　山極寿一　（東京大学出版会、2012）

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■The References list of “Evolution of Human Sociality”