Like gorillas, other great apes such as chimpanzees, bonobos, and orangutans frequently engage in face-to-face communication and meet each other’s eyes. It is common among them, and appears in various social contexts other than the context of threat.
Needless to say, this face-to-face communication is a common behavior even among humans who are members of the hominidae taxonomic family.
■References (Books, papers, Web articles, etc.)
「ゴリラの視覚コミュニケーション——他者を見ることの社会学的意味——」 山極寿一(『視覚の進化と脳』所収 pp.205~224 三上章允編 (朝倉書店、1993))
『人類進化論——霊長類学からの展開——』 第6章・第1節 攻撃と和解 山極寿一 (裳華房、2008)
『「サル化」する人間社会』 第2章 ゴリラの魅力 山極寿一 (集英社、2014)
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■The References list of “Evolution of Human Sociality”